HYBRID ROCKET PROJECT

Experimental Hybrid Propulsion Research

About Hybrid Rockets

Hybrid rocket engines use a combination of solid and liquid propellants, typically with a solid fuel grain and liquid oxidizer. This design offers advantages in safety, throttleability, and restart capability compared to traditional solid or liquid systems.

SOAR's hybrid rocket project explored the fundamentals of hybrid propulsion technology, providing hands-on experience with alternative rocket propulsion methods.

Project Objectives

Fuel Grain Development

Design and cast solid fuel grains with optimal geometry

Oxidizer Injection

Create efficient liquid oxidizer injection systems

Static Testing

Conduct controlled burn tests to measure performance

Safety Procedures

Develop comprehensive safety protocols for hybrid testing

Technical Details

Propellant Combination

Fuel: Hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene (HTPB) or paraffin-based solid fuel

Oxidizer: Nitrous oxide (N₂O) or gaseous oxygen

Engine Design

Custom combustion chamber with replaceable fuel grains

Pressure-fed oxidizer delivery system for controlled flow rates

Test Infrastructure

Vertical test stand with load cell for thrust measurement

Data acquisition system monitoring pressure, temperature, and thrust

Key Achievements

Successful Burns

Multiple successful static fire tests

Fuel Casting

Developed fuel grain casting procedures

Performance Data

Collected thrust and pressure data

Safety Record

Zero incidents during testing phase

Challenges Encountered

The team faced several technical challenges throughout the project:

  • Achieving consistent fuel grain quality and geometry
  • Managing oxidizer flow rates for optimal combustion
  • Thermal management of the combustion chamber
  • Scaling from small test motors to flight-weight engines

Educational Impact

The hybrid rocket project provided team members with unique exposure to alternative propulsion technologies and hands-on experience with:

Chemistry

Propellant formulation and combustion chemistry

Fluid Dynamics

Oxidizer flow and injection systems

Thermodynamics

Heat transfer and combustion efficiency

Instrumentation

Sensor integration and data analysis

Project Legacy

While the hybrid rocket project has concluded, the knowledge and experience gained continue to influence current propulsion research efforts. The safety protocols, testing procedures, and technical documentation produced during this project serve as valuable resources for future propulsion teams.